@article {1433702,
	title = {Impact of self-reported gastroesophageal reflux disease in subjects from COPDGene cohort},
	journal = {Respir Res},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014 Jun 03},
	pages = {62},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: The coexistence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and COPD has been recognized, but there has been no comprehensive evaluation of the impact of GERD on COPD-related health status and patient-centered outcomes.

METHODS: Cross-sectional and longitudinal study of 4,483 participants in the COPDGene cohort who met GOLD criteria for COPD. Physician-diagnosed GERD was ascertained by questionnaire. Clinical features, spirometry and imaging were compared between COPD subjects without versus with GERD. We evaluated the relationship between GERD and symptoms, exacerbations and markers of microaspiration in univariate and multivariate models. Associations were additionally tested for the confounding effect of covariates associated with a diagnosis of GERD and the use of proton-pump inhibitor medications (PPIs). To determine whether GERD is simply a marker for the presence of other conditions independently associated with worse COPD outcomes, we also tested models incorporating a GERD propensity score.

RESULTS: GERD was reported by 29\% of subjects with female predominance. Subjects with GERD were more likely to have chronic bronchitis symptoms, higher prevalence of prior cardiovascular events (combined myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease and stroke 21.3\% vs. 13.4.0\%, p ,
	keywords = {Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cohort Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Gastroesophageal Reflux, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Self Report},
	issn = {1465-993X},
	doi = {10.1186/1465-9921-15-62},
	author = {Martinez, Carlos H and Okajima, Yuka and Murray, Susan and Washko, George R and Martinez, Fernando J and Silverman, Edwin K and Lee, Jin Hwa and Regan, Elizabeth A and Crapo, James D and Curtis, Jeffrey L and Hatabu, Hiroto and Han, MeiLan K}
}